What Causes Psoriasis?

While the entire cause of psoriasis isn’t fully understood, it is linked to an immune response to T-cells and other white blood cells, called neutrophils. Normally, T-cells help fight against foreign substances like bacteria and viruses, but in those with psoriasis, the T-cells attack healthy skin cells too. Additionally, overactive T-cells trigger an increase in healthy skin cells, which results in visible patches of red, scaly skin.

What Triggers Psoriasis Flare-Ups?

Triggers can also vary from one person to another, but once you know what triggers your psoriasis, avoiding it can help reduce the number of flare-ups you experience. Triggers include, but are not limited to:

• Infections, such as strep throat or skin infections
• Skin injuries, such as cuts, scrapes, bug bites, and burns
• Stress
• Smoking
• Heavy alcohol consumption
• Vitamin D deficiency
• Certain medications, such as beta-blockers, lithium, antimalarial drugs, and iodides

How Is Psoriasis Treated?

Mild to moderate cases of psoriasis can generally be treated with topical creams and ointments. More severe cases may necessitate combination therapy that also includes oral medications or light therapy. Topical treatments include topical corticosteroids, vitamin D analogues, anthralin, topical retinoids, calcineurin inhibitors, salicylic acid, coal tar, and moisturizers. If needed, oral or injectable medications can include retinoids, methotrexate, cyclosporine, biologics, thioguanine, and hydroxyurea. Your dermatologist will determine the best course of treatment for you after an examination and taking into consideration your family and medical history.